[comment]: # "markdown: { smartypants: true }" # Go Just Works™ The Philosophy, Language, and Tooling of Go <!-- iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/NtKBcVku6EU?start=0" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen --></iframe> <br /> <small>(An Intro to Go for People Who Love Stuff that Just Works, Everywhere)</small>

### Useful Links <table> <tr><td> <small>Slides:</small></td><td><small> <a href="https://beyondcodebootcamp.github.io/presos/go-just-works/">beyondcodebootcamp.github.io</a></small></td> </tr> <tr><td> <small>Resources for Learning Go:</small></td><td><small> <a href="https://github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/beyondcodebootcamp/issues/19">github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/beyondcodebootcamp/issues/19</a></small></td> </tr> <tr><td> <small>Video:</small></td><td><small> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__COMING_SOON__">https://youtu.be/__COMING_SOON__</a></small> </td></tr> <tr><td> <small>"Hello Go" (2022)</small></td><td><small> <a href="https://beyondcodebootcamp.github.io/presos/hello-go/">youtube.com/watch?v=NtKBcVku6EU</a></small> </td></tr> <tr><td> <small>Go Proverbs (Poster):</small></td><td><small> <a href="https://github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/go-proverbs/">github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/go-proverbs</a></small> </td></tr> <tr><td> <small>Template Repo:</small></td><td><small> <a href="https://github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/hello-go">github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/hello-go</a></small> </td></tr> <tr><td> <small>Slides Builder:</small></td><td><small> <a href="https://beyondcodebootcamp.github.io/presos/#quick-start-to-render">MD Slides</a></small> </td></tr> </table>

## Go Just Works™ <img title="QR Code for Go Just Works" alt="slides link" src="https://i.imgur.com/uCQJu4Y.png" width="33%"> The Philosophy, Language, <br /> and Tooling of Go

## AJ ONeal <img title="QR Code for Go Just Works" alt="slides link" src="https://i.imgur.com/uCQJu4Y.png" width="33%"> [@\_beyondcode](https://twitter.com/@_beyondcode) <br> [youtube.com/coolaj86](https://youtube.com/coolaj86)

## Dangerous Wrong Thinker <img title="QR Code for Go Just Works" alt="slides link" src="https://i.imgur.com/uCQJu4Y.png" width="33%"> Equal Opportunity Offender <br> Technophobic Technologist Extraordinairé

Useful? Entertaining? 👍 🔔 ➡️

## Part 1: The Philosophy of Go (is it for you?)

> Go is for web servers - > [Rob Pike](https://www.infoq.com/presentations/Go-Google/)

- [Go Programming](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgVhBThJdXc) (How to Think in Go) (2010) - [Effective Go](https://go.dev/doc/effective_go) (55 pages) - [Go at Google](https://www.infoq.com/presentations/Go-Google/) (2012) - [The Go Proverbs](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAAkCSZUG1c) (2015) - [Simplicity is Complicated](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rFejpH_tAHM) (2015) - [Towards Go 2](https://go.dev/blog/toward-go2) (2017) - [Go with Versions](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8nrpe0XWRg) (2018) - [Practical Go](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gi7t6Pl9rxE) (2019) - [Hello Go](https://beyondcodebootcamp.github.io/presos/hello-go/) (2022) - [Go: What We Got Right & Wrong](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yE5Tpp2BSGw) (2023) - [And more...](https://github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/beyondcodebootcamp/issues/19)

> A little copying is better than a little dependency.

> A language you can learn in a weekend.

### Small Language 25 Keywords & ~50 Built-ins - https://go.dev/ref/spec#Keywords - https://pkg.go.dev/builtin

### Big Standard Library Batteries Included - https://pkg.go.dev/std - https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x

### No Stupid Questions ```sh go fmt ./... ```

### No Clever Answers <img title="Yoda: Unlearn" alt="You must unlearn what you have learned." src="https://i.imgur.com/r5tX8Dz.jpg" width="42%">

### Slow & Steady > We did what we always do when there’s a problem without a > clear solution: **_we waited_**. <small>Russ Cox, <a href="https://go.dev/blog/toward-go2">Toward Go 2</a>

> Waiting gives us more time to add **_experience and > understanding_** of the problem and also more time to find > a good solution.

<img title="Go Proverbs" alt="The 19 stanzas of the go proverbs by Rob Pike" src="https://github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/go-proverbs/raw/main/Go%20Proverbs%20(300dpi).png" width="90%">

#### Rob Pike's Reflections, 14 Years Later <small>What We Got Right, What We Got Wrong (2023) - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yE5Tpp2BSGw" target="_blank">youtube.com/watch?v=yE5Tpp2BSGw</a></small> - Strong Standard Library - Concurrency is First-Class - Composition > Inheritance - Packages that Minimize Dependency - Fast Build & Testing - Consistent Formatting - Readability > Cleverness - Compatibility Guarantee <!-- - Community / No Factions or Language Subsets -->

## Part 2: The Language

- [A Tour of Go](https://go.dev/tour/welcome/1) - [Effective Go](https://go.dev/doc/effective_go) (55 pages) - [Go by Example](https://gobyexample.com/) - [yourbasic.org/golang](https://yourbasic.org/golang) - [Practical Go](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gi7t6Pl9rxE) (2019) - [How I Write HTTP Web Services after 8 Years](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rWBSMsLG8po) (2019)

> If you're going to write a Python program, you wouldn't > start with a C++ program and translate it line-by-line and > expect to end up with a very well-written Python > program. - > [Russ Cox](https://youtube.com/watch?v=jgVhBThJdXc&t=66)

Throw away your CS degree.

- One way - No inheritance - No circular dependencies

<img title="Table of keywords, operators, & punctuation" alt="Table of keywords, operators, & punctuation" src="https://i.imgur.com/TNrY04k.png" width="80%">

### Static, Self-Contained Install Friends don't let friends `apt-get`: ```sh curl https://webi.sh/go | sh source ~/.config/envman/PATH.env ``` ```sh ~/.local/opt/go/bin => ~/.local/opt/go-v1.22.1/ ~/go/bin => ~/.local/opt/go-bin-v1.22.1/ ```

### Package The Fundamental Unit

> Design the architecture, name the components, document the > details.

It's about the _function_, not the _category_ ```sh go mod init 'github.com/acme/router' ``` ```sh go.mod ```

What you **won't** see ```sh go mod init 'github.com/acme/arrayutils' ```

Explicit ancestry. No guessing. ```go import ( "github.com/acme/foobar/config" awsconfig "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config" awsiot "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/iot" ) ```

### Interface The Fundamental Type

> The bigger the interface, the weaker the abstraction. (the ideal interface is a single method)

- shields against dependencies - provides "generics"

- if it's public, & does stuff, make an interface - avoid depending on interfaces

Doers only, no values ```go type FooReadWriter interface { Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) } ```

### Concurrency The Fundamental Concept

- Goroutines - Channels - Mutexes

> Concurrency is not parallelism. > > Channels orchestrate; mutexes serialize.

> await by default

```go done := chan struct{}{} go doStuff(done) <- done ```

## 8. Hello `go generate`

`generate.go`: ```go //go:generate stringer -type=Greeting package hello ```

❌ `Makefile`

❌ `Makefile` - ❌ Cross-platform

❌ `Makefile` - ❌ Cross-platform - 🤮 gcc toolchain

`generate.go`: ```go //go:generate go run -mod=vendor golang.org/x/tools/cmd/stringer -type=Greeting package hello ```

## 10. Hello `./vendor/`

- PREDICTABLE

- PREDICTABLE - REPRODUCIBLE

- PREDICTABLE - REPRODUCIBLE - GUARANTEED

```bash [1-2] go mod tidy go mod vendor ```

```bash [1-2] go generate -mod=vendor ./... go build -mod=vendor ./... ```

```txt -mod=vendor ```

`.ignore`: ```txt vendor ```

## 13. Hello `godoc`

`doc.go`:

[godoc-tricks](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/fluhus/godoc-tricks)

## 14. Hello `version`

```go git tag v1.0.0 ```

- GoReleaser - Go GitVer: \ <https://github.com/therootcompany/go-gitver>

```go var ( version = "v0.0.0" date = "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" commit = "0000000" ) ```

```go import ( "runtime/debug" ) function main() { build := debug.ReadBuildInfo() fmt.Println( build.Main.Version, build.Main.Sum, ) } ```

```txt -V --version version -version ```

```go if len(args) > 1 { arg := args[0] if "-V" == arg || "version" == strings.TrimLeft(arg, "-") { ver() os.Exit(0) } } ```

for `help` too

```go if len(args) > 1 { arg := args[0] if "-h" == arg || "help" == strings.TrimLeft(arg, "-") { ver() os.Exit(0) } } ```

## 15. Hello `embed`

``` # Create config directory hello init # Serve auto-magic configurator hello server ```

```go package hello import "embed" //go:embed html/* assets/* // FS is the virtual embedded filesystem for all the Hello World things var FS embed.FS ```

```go import ( // ... hello "github.com/BeyondCodeBootcamp/hello-go" ) func main() { f, _ := hello.FS.Open("assets/proverbs.txt") proverbs, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(f) fmt.Printf("%s", proverbs) } ```

## 16. Hello `goreleaser`

Cheat Sheet: https://webinstall.dev/goreleaser

- PREDICTABLE

- PREDICTABLE - REPRODUCIBLE

- PREDICTABLE - REPRODUCIBLE - GUARANTEED

`.goreleaser.yml`: ```yml builds: - env: - CGO_ENABLED=0 main: ./main.go binary: mssql-to-csv goos: - linux - windows goarch: - amd64 - arm64 archives: - format_overrides: - goos: windows format: zip ```

```txt ~/.config/goreleaser/github_token ``` <https://github.com/settings/tokens/new>

- version - git commit - date

`main.go`: ```go var ( version = "v0.0.0" date = "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" commit = "0000000" ) ```

Cheat Sheet: https://webinstall.dev/goreleaser

Q&A

Thanks.

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FIN